The enactment of Law No. 11 of 2020 on Job Creation (UU Cipta Kerja) aims to simplify bureaucracy, attract investment, and create job opportunities in Indonesia. However, its implementation has raised legal uncertainties, particularly following the Constitutional Court’s ruling that deemed the law conditionally unconstitutional. Concerns have also emerged from labor unions and environmental organizations regarding its potential impact on workers’ rights and environmental sustainability. This study analyzes the legal and public policy perspectives of UU Cipta Kerja by evaluating its impact on investment, employment, and legal certainty. Using a qualitative approach with a document study method, this research examines legal documents, policy regulations, and court rulings, supplemented by expert interviews. The findings reveal that the law contributed to an 8.3% increase in Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) in its first year, reaching IDR 454 trillion in 2021. However, contract workers increased by 25%, raising concerns about job security. Additionally, five constitutional challenges were filed against the law in 2023, reflecting legal uncertainty. Weaknesses in environmental oversight were also identified due to relaxed business licensing requirements. These findings suggest that while UU Cipta Kerja supports investment growth, stronger legal safeguards and monitoring mechanisms are needed to ensure balanced benefits for all stakeholders. This study contributes to discussions on labor and investment policies by emphasizing the need for inclusive regulatory reforms that align economic growth with legal stability and worker protection.
 

Heart failure accounts for 85% of deaths among cardiovascular disease patients. One of the primary complications in heart failure patients is an ineffective breathing pattern. Reducing mortality related to respiratory dysfunction requires fundamental interventions. One effective nursing intervention is patient positioning, which enhances lung expansion and alleviates shortness of breath. This study investigates the impact of the right lateral position on the respiratory status of heart failure (HF) patients at RSUD Dr. H. Moch Ansari Saleh. This study employed a quantitative, pre-experimental research design, specifically a one-group pretest-posttest approach. A total of 30 respondents were selected using a purposive sampling technique. Data collection involved observation sheets based on the SLKI for ineffective breathing patterns and pulse oximetry measurements. Statistical analysis was conducted using the Wilcoxon test, yielding a p-value of 0.000, indicating a significant improvement in respiratory status after the right lateral positioning intervention. These findings suggest that the right lateral position can be an effective nursing intervention to enhance respiratory function in HF patients. Therefore, it is recommended for implementation in the Kumala Room, Floor III, as a supportive measure to improve patient outcomes. 

The principle of precaution is understood as a preventive action in facing uncertainty or potential risks, especially when the potential impact of an action could be harmful. The Constitutional Court, whose decisions are final and binding, also applies this principle in its decision-making process. This research analyzes the relationship between the precautionary principle and the Justice Deliberation Meeting (RPH). The research method used was normative legal research with a statutory, conceptual, and philosophical approach. The study results affirm that the characteristics of Constitutional Court justices, viewed from the theory of authority, are unique. The theory of authority in law refers to the power or authority an institution or legal body possesses to make legitimate and binding decisions. In the context of the Constitutional Court, its decisions have a distinctiveness that reflects this institution’s special nature and responsibility. Furthermore, the Constitutional Court’s final decisions are binding, prioritize public interest, and use comprehensive evaluations in testing laws, reflecting the application of the precautionary principle in maintaining the integrity of the Constitution and justice for the entire society. In the case of RPH, justices should also apply the precautionary principle by considering all aspects and potential impacts of the law on the Constitution and the sense of justice in society.

The increasing complexity of naval electrical systems and the demand for higher operational reliability necessitate a shift from traditional maintenance methods to data-driven predictive maintenance solutions. This research examines the effectiveness of IoT-based remote monitoring and diagnostic systems in improving system reliability, cost-efficiency, and operational sustainability in naval engineering. A qualitative-empirical approach was applied, utilizing expert interviews, structured surveys, and field observations to assess the impact of IoT-driven predictive maintenance. The findings indicate a significant reduction in system failures (92/100), maintenance costs (89/100), and operational downtime, demonstrating the effectiveness of real-time fault detection and automated diagnostics. Additionally, the study identifies challenges in infrastructure readiness (78/100) and cybersecurity concerns (82/100), which must be addressed for large-scale implementation. While the adoption rate (88/100) reflects strong industry support, skill readiness gaps (80/100) suggest a need for enhanced technical training in maritime education. The research concludes that IoT-based predictive maintenance offers a transformative approach to naval maintenance strategies, ensuring sustainability, efficiency, and enhanced fleet readiness in modern maritime operations.

Banners are a simple yet highly effective promotional strategy for MSMEs. With attractive designs and strategic placement, banners can increase business visibility and attract more customers, thus contributing to local economic growth. The installation of banners as a promotional strategy for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) has been proven effective in increasing product visibility and sales. The discussion in this Community Service activity report describes the activities to promote MSMEs that take place in the Sepinggan Baru village. So, to support these activities, visual media is needed that can help optimize the promotion of MSMEs by installing banners. Banners are designed in various sizes that can be attached to MSMEs, so that villagers who have MSMEs can easily place the position of the banners to be installed. KKN students of Sepinggan Baru Village who are banner instructors and help install banners and RT.17 community members are very enthusiastic and grateful for the banners we provide, because it makes it easier for them to promote their businesses. The results of this activity show that the objectives of the activity were carried out well and the residents of RT.17 Village Sepinggan Baru who have MSMEs were very appreciative.

This research focuses on the development of contextual-based interactive learning media to improve mastery of reaction rate concepts and develop the character of high school students in remote areas. This learning media was developed to provide learning experiences that are relevant to everyday life, therefore the concepts of reaction rate are simpler to understand and apply in students. In addition, this contextual approach also aims to encourage character development, such as responsibility, discipline, creativity, curiosity, and communicativeness during the learning process. A literature review was conducted to gather articles relevant to this topic, with a published time frame of 2018 - 2025. The review shows that this media significantly helps students in understanding the concept of learning material, critical thinking, as well as strengthening positive character aspects that support learning success. This research concludes that contextual-based interactive learning can be an efficient option in the science learning process in high school.

The research that has developed so far, the use of virtual laboratories in learning is only widely used for exact science groups such as mathematics, physics or chemistry, while in non-exact science groups it has not been widely done. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the use of virtual accounting laboratories on student learning outcomes in taxation courses which are non-exact science groups. This type of research is Quasi Experimental research using Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The results of the study showed that the post-test scores in classes that used virtual accounting laboratories increased higher when compared to classes that did not use virtual accounting laboratories. The contribution that is an important finding in this study is the use of virtual accounting laboratories for taxation courses which are non-exact science fields has been proven to be able to improve student learning outcomes.

This study aims to analyze the relationship between physical activity patterns and mood changes in adolescents using an objective measurement approach. This cross-sectional study involved 50 adolescent participants. Physical activity was measured using the ActiGraph GT3X accelerometer, while mood changes were assessed using the Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS). Data were analyzed using Spearman’s correlation test with a significance level of p < 0.05. Findings indicate that participants spent most of their time engaged in sedentary behavior (M = 1194.42 minutes/day, SD = 42.543), while moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) levels were relatively low (M = 47.06 minutes/day, SD = 17.873). Negative mood states were more dominant than positive ones, with the highest scores recorded for tension (M = 65.22, SD = 12.255) and anger (M = 63.06, SD = 10.033). Correlation analysis revealed no significant relationship between total MVPA and mood (r = -0.021, p = 0.886). However, sedentary behavior showed a significant negative correlation with moderate physical activity (r = -0.626, p < 0.01) and total MVPA (r = -0.635, p < 0.01), indicating that higher sedentary time was associated with lower levels of physical activity in adolescents. This study found no significant relationship between physical activity and mood changes in adolescents. The low levels of MVPA and high sedentary behavior may contribute to the dominance of negative mood states. Further longitudinal studies are needed to explore other factors that may influence adolescent emotional well-being.

Literacy and numeracy programs play a crucial role in improving education quality, especially at the elementary school level. This study aims to optimize literacy and numeracy programs through a structured mentoring approach at SDN Grujugan Larangan, Larangan Luar Village, Larangan Subdistrict, Pamekasan Regency. The research method used is action research with qualitative and quantitative approaches. The qualitative approach is used to understand teachers' and students' perceptions of the mentoring program, while the quantitative approach is applied to measure the improvement in students' literacy and numeracy skills after participating in the program. The results indicate that structured mentoring significantly enhances students' literacy and numeracy skills, as evidenced by the increased average scores in reading, writing, and arithmetic. Furthermore, active teacher involvement in the mentoring process contributes to the program's success. Thus, implementing a structured mentoring program can be an effective model to improve the quality of primary education in rural areas.

Di era digital saat ini, Usaha Mikro, Kecil Dan Menengah (UMKM) semakin banyak menggunakan teknologi chatbot seperti ChatGPT untuk berinteraksi dengan pelanggan. Namun, mengekstraksi wawasan yang bermakna dari sejumlah besar data yang dihasilkan oleh interaksi ini masih merupakan sebuah tantangan.  Penelitian ini mengusulkan pendekatan untuk meningkatkan analisis data penggunaan ChatGPT oleh UMKM menggunakan kombinasi K-Means clustering dan Independent Component Analysis ( (ICA) untuk pengurangan dimensi.  Pendekatan ini bertujuan untuk menemukan pola dan cluster tersembunyi dalam data dengan mereduksi ruang fitur menggunakan ICA dan kemudian menggunakan K-Means clustering.  Selain itu, penelitian ini mempertimbangkan kombinasi metode Elbow untuk mengoptimalkan pemilihan jumlah cluster yang optimal. Melalui eksperimen dan evaluasi, ditunjukkan efektivitas metode yang diusulkan, sehingga memberikan UMKM alat yang ampuh untuk mendapatkan wawasan berharga dari data penggunaan ChatGPT. Penelitian ini menggunakan data dari 50 UMKM di Kabupaten Kudus . Hasil evaluasi kinerja K-means menunjukkan untuk data yang relatif kecil, penggunaan ICA kurang mempengaruhi kinerja K-Means. Skenario uji coba data dengan ICA menunjukkan skor silhouette yang lebih rendah, yaitu 0.19 dan 0.18 untuk masing-masing data pelatihan dan pengujian, sedangkan skenario uji coba data tanpa ICA menunjukkan skor silhouette yang lebih tinggi, yaitu 0.30 dan 0.23.
 
Kata kunci: K-Means clustering, metode Elbow, ICA, ChatGPT, UMKM