The enactment own specific criminal law product, Indonesia has its Penal Code Law Number 1, 2023, known as Nusantara Code. Pros and cons are both seen as to the authority and ratification of the Nusantara Criminal Code, For example, the one-time major crime of killing no longer exists and its current punishment requires a ten-year probation period Whereas the death penalty is concerned, this means surveillance licensee should payout each year to judge on a case by case basis with clear definite rules in place. The officers and conduct of death row inmates during the operational process of the death penalty are each specifically set up by law. In addition to the burden of hearing and adjudicating a case at the trial stage, the judges perform a second function; that is watching over a permanent decision of law, whether it is against convicts sentenced to death or not. For this reason, ln the Nusantara Criminal Code the Death Penalty is an especially set offence and surveillance observation must also be handled specially to make the judgment of it by Supervision and Observation Judge both accurate questions can be settled once and for all.

The digital era has compelled MSME actors to adapt, not only in marketing and operational aspects but also in financial management. This study aims to analyze the effect of financial management on the performance of MSMEs in the digital era. The research was conducted using a quantitative approach through a survey of 120 MSME actors in West Nusa Tenggara Province who have utilized digital applications for financial record-keeping. The data were analyzed using validity and reliability tests, multiple linear regression, as well as partial and simultaneous hypothesis testing. The results indicate that sound financial management significantly affects MSME performance, with record-keeping and budget planning being the most dominant indicators.

This study aims to describe the application of Internet of Things (IoT) technology in optimizing soil health management through a systematic literature review. This research compares various IoT implementations for monitoring soil moisture, pH, and nutrients based on previous studies, and identifies differences in technological approaches, sensors used, and automation levels. The review results indicate that although IoT technology is proven effective for real-time soil condition monitoring and supporting precision agriculture, its implementation varies significantly between advanced systems with full automation developed internationally and simpler, local monitoring systems in Indonesia. The comparison shows that wireless inductive moisture sensors are superior in accuracy and corrosion resistance compared to conductive sensors. A TDS sensor-based hydroponic nutrient monitoring system demonstrated high accuracy with an average error of 4.7468% , while soil pH monitoring achieved an accuracy with a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 0.14. Furthermore, automated watering systems proved to reach a success rate of up to 93.75%. This review concludes that adapting low-cost wireless sensor system models has great potential for improving the efficiency of soil management in Indonesia, despite facing challenges in infrastructure and digital literacy.
 

Sekolah merupakan sarana utama dalam membentuk sikap dan perilaku individu melalui pendidikan yang terencana. Pendidikan yang berkualitas tidak hanya menghasilkan lulusan yang kompetitif, tetapi juga bermoral, berakar budaya, dan mampu mengelola sumber daya secara optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji manajemen kelas dan efektivitas pembelajaran di MAN 4 Jombang serta hubungan keduanya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa manajemen kelas di MAN 4 Jombang mencakup perencanaan pembelajaran, pengaturan ruang, penegakan disiplin, dan penciptaan suasana belajar yang kondusif, dengan guru berperan sebagai fasilitator dan motivator. Efektivitas pembelajaran ditandai dengan partisipasi aktif siswa, peningkatan hasil belajar, dan penggunaan metode yang sesuai dengan karakteristik peserta didik. Manajemen kelas yang efektif terbukti memberikan kontribusi besar terhadap keberhasilan pembelajaran, melalui terciptanya lingkungan belajar yang tertib, menyenangkan, dan mendukung tanggung jawab serta prestasi siswa. Temuan ini menegaskan pentingnya profesionalisme guru dalam menerapkan manajemen kelas sebagai strategi peningkatan mutu pendidikan.

This study investigates the performance of classical, quantum, and hybrid classical-quantum stacking models in predicting Corrosion Inhibition Efficiency (IE%) using 14 QSAR descriptors. The hybrid model combines a Gradient Boosting Regressor (GBR) and a Quantum Support Vector Regressor (QSVR) through a meta-learner (Ridge Regression). Results show a significant improvement over traditional models. The hybrid stacking model achieved an R² of 0.834, an MSE of 8.123, an MAE of 2.371, and an RMSE of 2.850, outperforming both individual classical and quantum models. These results confirm the strength of hybrid models in capturing both complex nonlinear and quantum-interaction patterns in QSAR-based molecular prediction.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of Tax Knowledge, Tax Amnesty Program, and Tax Sanctions on Motor Vehicle Taxpayer Compliance in Surakarta City.
This study used motor vehicle taxpayers in Surakarta City. The method in this study uses a quantitative method. In this study, SPSS version 27.0 was used to analyze the data. The data sources used were primary data and secondary data. The population in this study were motor vehicle taxpayers in Surakarta City, totaling 517,790 vehicles registered according to the Surakarta City Central Statistics Agency. The sample in this study was 100 taxpayers, calculated using the Slovin formula. The sampling technique in this study used Accidential Sampling. The data collection technique used a questionnaire. In this study, descriptive analysis, multiple linear tests, t-tests, f-tests, and coefficient of determination tests were used. The results of this study stated that Tax Knowledge had no significant effect, meaning that tax knowledge had not been able to increase taxpayer compliance in paying motor vehicle taxes. Meanwhile, tax amnesty and tax sanctions have a significant positive effect, meaning that with the implementation of the amnesty program and the increasingly strict sanctions given, it will increase taxpayer compliance in paying motor vehicle taxes.

The purpose of this study is to examine how deep learning influences students’ mathematical critical thinking skills. In mastering mathematics—which requires reasoning, analysis, and systematic review—critical thinking is essential to address the challenges of the 21st century. This research employs a quasi-experimental design using a pretest-posttest control group model. The subjects of the study were eighth-grade junior high school students, divided into an experimental group and a control group. The main instruments used were a mathematical critical thinking skills test and a learning activity observation sheet. The findings indicate that students who participated in instruction based on a deep learning approach showed a significant improvement in critical thinking skills compared to those who received conventional instruction. Unlike students who underwent standard learning methods, those exposed to deep learning strategies experienced a notable enhancement in their critical thinking abilities. Based on these findings, the implementation of deep learning is recommended more broadly in mathematics classroom instruction.

This study investigates the influence of Fear of Missing Out (FoMO), a psychological phenomenon amplified by social media platforms such as Instagram and TikTok, on the behavior of each individual. Focusing on the case of Agroeduwisata MarkazKomobid in Serang Regency, this study uses qualitative methods to explore how digital exposure shapes travel motivation. Referring to insights on digital culture, the psychological effects of FoMO, and social media-driven tourism strategies, this analysis reveals that online trends often serve as social benchmarks, pressuring individuals to engage in experiences that are considered popular or viral. These findings emphasize the strategic importance of social media in creating an attractive destination image and driving visitor interest, especially for active social media users.

This study aims to analyze the effect of investment decisions, capital structure, company size on profitability and Sustainable Growth, with profitability as a mediating variable and Financial Flexibility as a moderating variable. Data is obtained from secondary sources, namely audited financial reports from heavy construction and civil engineering subsector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the 2019-2023 period. The analysis was carried out using Structural Equation Modeling based on Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS). The results showed that investment decisions, capital structure, and company size have a significant effect on profitability. However, only company size has a significant effect on Sustainable Growth. Investment decisions and capital structure have no significant effect on Sustainable Growth. Profitability also has an insignificant effect on Sustainable Growth and does not mediate the relationship between variables. In addition, financial flexibility does not moderate the relationship between profitability and sustainable growth. This finding indicates that increased profitability is more influenced by investment strategy, capital structure, and firm scale, but does not necessarily translate directly into Sustainable Growth.

This study aims to describe the implementation of game-based learning through the Kahoot platform as a form of learning innovation in the digital era, especially in history teaching at the Junior High School (SMP) level. In the era of the Kurikulum Merdeka, which emphasises differentiated and participatory learning, the use of interactive digital media is a strategic solution in increasing student engagement and motivation to learn. Kahoot, as a game-based quiz platform, offers interactive features that teachers can utilise to deliver material engagingly, conduct formative evaluations, and create a fun and competitive learning environment. This study was compiled using a descriptive approach through a literature review from various scientific sources related to the use of Kahoot in learning. The results of the survey indicate that implementing Kahoot can increase students' enthusiasm, enhance their understanding of the material, and foster the development of 21st-century skills, including collaboration and digital literacy. Additionally, the technical steps for using Kahoot, including account creation, quiz design, and student participation, are explained in detail to provide educators with practical guidance. Thus, the integration of Kahoot in history learning is considered relevant and effective as part of an adaptive and meaningful digital education transformation.