Sengketa waris dalam hukum Islam sering kali menuntut adanya peran mujtahid, khususnya hakim, dalam menafsirkan dan menerapkan kaidah hukum untuk mencapai keadilan bagi para pihak. Tujuan penelitian ini ini menganalisis peran mujtahid dalam suatu kasus sengketa waris yang melibatkan status harta bersama, harta bawaan, serta keberadaan utang pewaris. Berdasarkan Pasal 35 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 1974 yang telah diubah dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2019, serta Pasal 97 Kompilasi Hukum Islam, hakim harus memastikan bahwa pembagian harta dilakukan sesuai ketentuan hukum Islam. Dalam kasus ini, hakim sebagai mujtahid menilai bahwa harta yang disengketakan merupakan harta bersama yang belum dibagi, sehingga janda pewaris berhak atas setengah bagian sebelum pembagian warisan kepada ahli waris lainnya. Selain itu, dalam menentukan keberadaan utang pewaris, hakim menggunakan prinsip pembuktian dalam Pasal 163 HIR dan Pasal 174 HIR, di mana pengakuan tergugat di persidangan menjadi bukti sempurna terkait utang yang diakui. Metode penelitian menggunakan penelitian hukum normatif  dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peran mujtahid dalam kasus ini tidak hanya sebatas menerapkan hukum secara tekstual, tetapi juga mempertimbangkan aspek keadilan substantif dengan mengacu pada dalil-dalil hukum, fakta persidangan, dan prinsip keadilan dalam Islam. Dengan demikian, penerapan ijtihad oleh hakim dalam perkara ini memastikan bahwa pembagian warisan dilakukan secara sah, adil, dan sesuai dengan hukum yang berlaku. Dalam putusan nomor 596/Pdt.G/2023/PA.SKA dalam sengketa waris putusan tersebut hanya saja diselesaikan antara kedua belah pihak yang bersengketa sehingga menurut penulis perlu adanya keberadaan mujtahid dalam sengketa waris tersebut agar memberikan kepastian hukum jelas.

Administration plays a crucial role in ensuring the succes of an organization. In simple terms, administration is a process that includes planning, organizing, controling, and supervising various activities to achieve organizational goals effectively and efficiently. This study aims to analyze employee training administration at PT INKA (Persero). The research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach, involving data collection through interviews, observation, and documentation. The result show that the administration of employee training at PT INKA (Persero) still faces challenges, mainly due to the lack of awareness among some employees, about the importance of organiizng training document properly. Moreover, imporevemnts are needed in the areas of record-keeping, documentation, and traininf data management to ensure a more systmatic and structured approach.

Study English to 6th grade students of Suralaya Primary School. Data collection uses questionnaires or questionnaires that are loaded with indicators of the influence of gadgets and learning interests. The sample in the study was 40 students, in class VI of Suralaya Primary School. The Research Method that researchers choose is Quantitative, with questionnaires to 40 students. From the results of the study, it was found that as many as 98% of students increased their interest in learning English and 2% of students remained. Gadgets have a positive impact for Suralaya's 6th grade students, including facilitating communication, serving as a means of entertainment, increasing comfort in learning, and expanding knowledge. To reduce the negative impact of using gadgets, parents need to have an understanding of them, provide instructions, give explanations, give advice to children, as well as limit the duration of use of the device by children.

This study aims to examine the existence of the Church in the context of salvation history from the perspective of systematic theology, focusing on the role and vocation of the ecclesia as the community of God's people. The background of this study departs from the belief that the Church is not just a religious institution, but has an existential and historical basis in God's saving work. The Church acts as an extension of Christ's mission which is continued in the power of the Holy Spirit. In this research, the author uses a qualitative method with a literature study approach. The data sources consist of the Holy Bible, theological books related to the title, as well as relevant theological journal articles. This research was conducted to understand the relationship between the Church's identity and its participation in salvation history, both dogmatically and functionally. The results show that the Church is called to be an active witness in the work of salvation, by carrying out prophetic, liturgical, and social functions. As an ecclesia, the Church is not just a collection of individual believers, but a community that lives in relationship with Christ as the Head. The discussion emphasizes that the Church has a mandate to live in unity, holiness, catholicity, and apostolate, all of which are rooted in God's grace. In conclusion, the existence of the Church in salvation history is eschatological and missionary. The Church is called to be a sign and means of salvation, and to take part in the salvation of the world.

This study examines the application of the Lagrange method and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) in solving the Economic Dispatch problem at the Tanjung Jati B Steam Power Plant (PLTU). The main objective is to compare the effectiveness of both methods in optimizing load distribution among generation units and to evaluate potential operational cost savings compared to actual operating conditions. The optimization model minimizes a quadratic generation cost function, subject to system load demand and the power output limits of each unit. Simulation data includes daily load distribution and fuel-related parameters such as calorific value and fuel price. The results show that the Lagrange method yields an average power output of 2,367 MW, equal to the real condition, while PSO produces 1,966 MW, which is 16.94% lower. In terms of cost savings, PSO achieves an average saving of IDR 938,501, while the Lagrange method and real operation yield average savings of IDR 1,078,064 and IDR 1,073,076 respectively. In percentage terms, Lagrange shows 12.95% higher savings than PSO and 0.46% higher than the actual condition. This study highlights the importance of integrating optimization methods in power plant operations to improve efficiency and reliability of electricity supply.

This study investigates how teaching methods affect students' willingness to learn. Students' interest and engagement in the learning process can be enhanced by effective teaching methods. Different teaching philosophies, including collaborative, inventive, interactive, and authoritative, have varying effects on students' willingness to learn. To achieve the best learning outcomes, it is necessary to choose a teaching style that suits the needs and characteristics of students. In this study, a qualitative approach was used to analyze students' perceptions of various teaching styles in the classroom environment. The results showed that interactive and collaborative methods tend to increase learning motivation more than the one-way authoritative style. In addition, teacher emotional involvement, the use of interesting learning media, and a conducive classroom atmosphere also contribute greatly to shaping students' learning interests. These findings are expected to be a reference in designing more adaptive and effective teaching strategies.

Bandung, as a primary tourist destination in Indonesia, offers diverse attractions including nature, culture, and distinctive local cuisine. The increasing number of visitors necessitates practical and engaging information media to assist them in planning their trips effectively. This project aimed to design a comprehensive booklet serving as a guide to Bandung's tourism and culinary delights, specifically for guests staying at Favehotel Hyper Square Bandung, which previously lacked such a dedicated digital or physical resource. Employing a Research and Development (R&D) methodology, this project adapted a development model encompassing several stages: identifying potential and problems, data collection, product design, design validation, design revision, product testing, and final revision. To assess the developed booklet's feasibility and effectiveness, an evaluation was conducted through questionnaires distributed to respondents. The data from these questionnaires were then analyzed using a quantitative descriptive analysis method, calculating the average scores for each statement. The project's findings indicate that the booklet received positive responses from respondents, with high average scores across its content, visual presentation, and ease of use. Consequently, this booklet is deemed suitable for use as an information and promotional tool for tourism within the Favehotel Hyper Square Bandung environment.

This literature review explores holistic approaches during pregnancy and their implications for midwifery practice. Holistic care addresses physical, psychological, social, and spiritual dimensions of maternal health, aiming to promote overall well-being and positive pregnancy outcomes. By synthesizing evidence from studies published between 2020 and 2025, this review highlights the benefits of integrating holistic methods such as stress reduction techniques, nutritional support, psychosocial counseling, and culturally sensitive care within midwifery. The findings suggest that holistic care enhances emotional resilience, reduces anxiety and depression, and strengthens the mother infant bond. However, challenges remain in standardizing holistic practices, ensuring adequate training for midwives, and overcoming systemic barriers. The review underscores the need for midwives to adopt a comprehensive, woman centered approach supported by ongoing education and interdisciplinary collaboration. Future research should focus on evaluating holistic interventions’ effectiveness and developing scalable models to improve maternal and neonatal outcomes globally. Ultimately, holistic pregnancy care offers a promising framework to enrich midwifery practice and support maternal well-being throughout pregnancy.

With technological advancements, digitalization in business has become a crucial factor in enhancing sales effectiveness, especially for micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). Toko Sakinah, which has been operating for nearly 35 years in Bengkalis, still relies on conventional sales methods, such as WhatsApp transactions or direct store visits. This approach limits market reach and operational efficiency. Therefore, this study aims to design and develop a web-based digital sales system using the Design Sprint method to improve sales effectiveness at Toko Sakinah.The Design Sprint method is applied to develop the system quickly and systematically, focusing on understanding user needs, prototyping, and testing solutions before full implementation. The result of this research is a sales website that facilitates online product ordering, sales reporting, and interaction between buyers and store owners. This website is expected to expand market reach, enhance sales efficiency, and serve as a development model that can be replicated by other MSMEs.

Marketing is the backbone of a business’s existence. Various ideas, creativity, and innovations in marketing continue to evolve in different forms. To attract a large number of consumers, some businesses engage in overclaim marketing. While this strategy may bring positive outcomes for some companies, it can also have negative consequences for others. One brand that has practiced overclaim marketing is Daviena Skincare. This study aims to analyze the impact of overclaim marketing on consumer trust in Daviena Skincare products. The research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive approach, with data obtained through digital tracing and observation. The findings indicate that overclaim marketing in the skincare industry, as practiced by Daviena Skincare, has negatively affected consumer trust. The overclaims identified include promises of instant results, false claims about premium ingredients, and unverified testimonials. An investigation by Doctor Detective revealed significant discrepancies between marketing claims and the actual product composition, such as Niacinamide, which was advertised at 10% but was not detected in laboratory tests. These findings contradict the marketed product benefits, leading to consumer disappointment and decreased brand loyalty. This phenomenon underscores the urgency for brands to be more transparent and ethical in their marketing strategies. Therefore, overclaim marketing practices must be eliminated to maintain the integrity of the industry and protect consumers’ rights to accurate information and products that align with their claims.