Terjadinya pergeseran nilai-nilai budaya masyarakat dari tradisional ke dalam masyarakat modern berdampak luas, antara lain pada budaya kerja pertanian. Tujuan kajian ini menganalisis hubungan antara fenomena petani milenial dengan upaya konservasi budaya kerja bertani di kalangan petani. Bekerja adalah salah satu unsur dari tujuh unsur universal kebudayaan. Peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dan teknik penggalian data dengan observasi, partisipasi-observasi, dan wawancara mendalam. Hasil dan pembahasan menunjukkan bahwa pekerjaan bidang pertanian mengalami kekurangan tenaga kerja karena berbagai alasan. Hal ini dianggap mengkhawatirkan karena masa depan sebagai negara agraris akan kehilangan motor penggerak. Kemudian muncul inovasi gagasan dan aksi melakukan konservasi budaya kerja bertani agar aktivitas bertani tetap berjalan. Inovasi dan aksi ini dilakukan oleh petani kaya, pemerintah desa, dan generasi muda. Muncul juga fenomena petani milenial yang memanfaatkan kemajuan teknologi informasi. Sebagai saran, inovasi ini patut dicontoh oleh masyarakat petani lain sehingga anggapan bahwa bertani merupakan pekerjaan rendah yang kotor oleh lumpur dan penghasilan rendah bisa sedikit demi sedikit hilang.

This study aims to explore the use of digital technology by Madrasah Tsanawiyah Darul Musthofa in improving the institution's brand image. Using a qualitative approach with a case study method, data was collected through semi-structured interviews, participant observation, and document analysis. The results of the study show that the strategic use of social media such as YouTube, TikTok and WhatsApp has succeeded in increasing public trust in the quality of madrasah education. Digitization of learning also strengthens engagement between students, teachers, and parents, although limited infrastructure and technological training remain significant challenges. The implication of this research is the need for a planned strategy and policy support to ensure equitable adoption of technology, especially in rural areas. This study contributes by understanding the synergy between digital technology and brand image enhancement strategies in the context of Islamic education, offering strategic guidance for other madrasahs to compete in the digital era.

This article analyzes the representation of culture shock in Andrea Hirata's novel Edensor, focusing on the experiences of the main characters, Ikal and Arai, as they interact with European culture. Using Kalvero Oberg's culture shock theory, which includes the stages of honeymoon, crisis, recovery, and adjustment, this study explores how both characters undergo shifts in mindset and attitudes when confronted with foreign cultural values. The paper also discusses the impact of culture shock on their character development and its relevance in today's global socio-cultural context, including migration and international education. Through this analysis, it is understood that culture shock is not merely a clash of cultures, but also a crucial process for learning and personal growth. The findings of this study are expected to contribute to interdisciplinary literary studies, particularly in understanding the relationship between literature and social-cultural phenomena.

This study examines illocutionary speech acts according to Austin's theory in the short story Karma Tanah by Ketut Syahruwardi Abbas. This study aims to describe the form of illocutionary speech acts in the short story Karma Tanah by Ketut Syahruwardi Abbas, to describe the contextual meaning in the short story Karma Tanah by Ketut Syahruwardi Abbas. This study uses a qualitative research type with a descriptive method. The research data used are dialogues in the form of words, phrases, clauses, and sentences that indicate illocutionary speech acts. The source of research data is the short story Karma Tanah by Ketut Syahruwardi Abbas. Data was obtained using the first technique, the researcher classified the data obtained during the reading stage, then grouped based on the form and meaning of the illocutionary speech found in the short story Karma Tanah by Ketut Syahruwardi Abbas. Furthermore, the researcher analyzed all groups of data based on the form and meaning of the illocutionary speech and finally the researcher made conclusions or described the data based on the results of the analysis. The results of this study were obtained with 17 speech data found divided into five types of illocutionary speech acts, namely assertive speech acts as many as 4 utterances, directive speech acts as many as 5 utterances, expressive speech acts as many as 3 utterances, commissive speech acts as many as 3 utterances, and declarative speech acts as many as 2 utterances. The meaning of the utterance is adjusted to the context of the utterance. From these results, the form of assertive and directive speech acts states that the most are found in the short story Karma Tanah.
 

All companies hope for an effective and efficient production system, but an imperfect production system means that PT XYZ must improve its production activities. The company strives to produce good products followed by a high level of productivity. In this research, we investigate a case at PT XYZ which produces hot stamping foil in the rewind section. This research found that there was waste that occurred in set-up replacement activities in production. Because it requires a long processing time, we perfected the system by implementing the Single Minute Exchange of Dies (SMED) method, then the process optimized internal activities in the set-up process. The application of the SMED concept is carried out by changing internal activities into external activities with the addition of helpers. This research aims to provide a more effective and efficient set-up replacement process so that machine downtime can be reduced. The results of this research show a 52% reduction in set-up time obtained by adding a helper with a time before implementation of 58 minutes to 30 minutes. This research concludes that SMED is effective in reducing machine set-up time and increasing the efficiency of the production process with benefits after implementing the SMED method by adding a helper of Rp. 10,649,336. In this way, implementing the SMED method helps companies increase production set-up replacement times in the rewind section.
 

Insulin resistance is a detrimental globally common condition that is highly related to type 2 DM, as well as several different metabolic diseases. It can be diagnosed mainly, through many different abnormalities, like dyslipidemia or obesity, as well as impaired glucose levels. Many indices have been suggested for diagnosis of the IR, one of the most commonly utilized indices are the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance or the HOMA-IR, and triglyceride glucose index. HOMA and TyG indices, both are commonly applied for being relatively simple, non-costly, and easy to compute, particularly if compared to the gold standard method of the IR diagnosis, which is the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. Objective: To make a comparison between HOMA-IR and TyG indices in their accuracy in IR diagnosis. Also, to investigate the strength of the relationship of these indices with BMI and lipid parameters. Results: HOMA-IR index had detected 38% IR individuals of the given sample, while TyG index had detected 51%. Though statistically this difference was not considered significant, TyG index has detected 13% more IR cases. Additionally, the relationship of both indices with BMI was shown to be highly positively correlated, though TyG index had shown even stronger correlation, as the P value in TyG was (0.0001), whereas in HOMA-IR was (0.033). Meanwhile, the lipid parameters had shown different results with both indices, where LDL-C was significantly inversely related to HOMA-IR index (P= 0.048), similarly total cholesterol though insignificantly (P=0.163). HDL-C had inverse relationship with HOMA-IR significantly (P= 0.014), and triglyceride had a positive correlation with HOMA yet, was not significant (P= 0.190). Meanwhile, TyG had significantly positive correlation with total cholesterol and triglyceride only, with a P value of (0.0006), and (0.0001) respectively. While the correlation between TyG index and LDL was positive, and TyG and HDL was negative, both insignificantly at a P value of (0.105), and (0.179) respectively. Conclusion: TyG index is more superior than HOMA index in IR diagnosis, and has a stronger positive correlation to the BMI marker. Whereas, the lipid parameters have weak relationship with both IR markers, HOMA, ant TyG indices.

This study was conducted at the Thalassemia Center of Azadi Educational Hospital, Kirkuk Health Directorate, Iraq, from June 1, 2024, to October 1, 2024. The study sample included 75 individuals, both males and females, aged between 4 and 67 years, divided into two groups: the first group comprised 50 thalassemia patients, while the control group included 25 healthy individuals. The results indicated a significant effect of thalassemia on the studied variables, as the disease led to increased levels of white blood cells, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, total iron-binding capacity, malondialdehyde, iron concentration, and lipoxygenase enzyme, recording values of 10.9 × 103 cells/mL, 25.36%, 321.84 µg/dL, 721.12 mmol/L, 2788.9 ng/dL, and 226.2 IU/L, respectively. In contrast, thalassemia reduced hemoglobin levels to 8.57 g/L. The gender category significantly affected both malondialdehyde and iron concentrations, while the age category significantly impacted white blood cell levels, total iron-binding capacity, serum iron, and lipoxygenase enzyme. Among the interactions, the most influential factor was found in the group of female patients over 30 years old, who recorded the highest significant concentrations of white blood cells and malondialdehyde, reaching 12.26 × 103 cells/mL and 1090 mmol/L. Conversely, female patients under 15 years showed the highest significant averages for the percentage of erythrocyte sedimentation rate and iron concentration, at 28% and 3270 ng/dL, respectively. Meanwhile, female patients aged 15-30 years exhibited the highest significant concentrations for total iron-binding capacity and lipoxygenase enzyme, at 361.8 µg/dL and 234 IU/L, respectively. Male patients aged 15-30 years recorded the lowest significant hemoglobin concentration, which was 7.33 g/L.

Masculinity is a social construct often internalized in society through various forms, including literary works. This study aims to analyze the representation of masculinity in Boy Candra's novel Trauma, particularly through male characters interacting with the protagonist, Kimara. This research employs the approaches of literary sociology, gender theory, and trauma theory to understand how masculinity is depicted. Data were collected through a critical reading technique applied to the novel's text. The analysis reveals that masculinity is represented in various forms, ranging from emotional dominance to expressions of affection, as well as the influence of trauma in shaping gender dynamics. These findings emphasize that masculinity in Trauma is not an innate trait but a social construct influenced by emotional and social contexts. The study contributes to gender studies and Indonesian literature, while also enhancing readers’ understanding of the complexity of masculinity in literary works.

Digital transformation has driven companies to enhance supply chain efficiency and resilience through innovative technologies. However, challenges such as a lack of transparency, low efficiency, and risks of operational disruptions remain significant barriers in Supplier Relationship Management (SRM). This study aims to explore the role of blockchain technology in improving transparency, trust, and supply chain resilience. Using a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews with supply chain managers from three companies in Indonesia and supporting document analysis. The findings reveal that blockchain implementation enhances operational efficiency by up to 35%, reducing the average process cycle time from 10 days to 6 days. Additionally, transparency levels increased by 40%, reflected in the ability of supply chain participants to monitor information flow in real time. Trust among stakeholders also improved by 25%, attributed to encrypted data security and immutable transaction records. These findings confirm that blockchain strengthens supply chain resilience through three main dimensions: response, recovery, and adaptation. The contribution of this research lies in enriching the literature on the role of blockchain in SRM, particularly in the context of supply chain resilience. Furthermore, the results provide practical guidance for companies in designing blockchain implementation strategies to mitigate operational risks and enhance stakeholder collaboration

According to the term, waqf is the holding of assets whose benefits are taken without being destroyed immediately for permissible use and is intended to obtain the blessing of Allah SWT. This study aims to analyze the management of waqf at the Indonesian Waqf Tabung institution in the waqf fund model and the programs implemented with benefits to various fields. This research uses qualitative research methods. The data used consists of primary data and secondary data obtained through observation and pre-existing literature or research. The research results show that the waqf management at Tabung Waqf Indonesia is in accordance with Islamic law, can run programs well and is invested in various forms of business with surplus proceeds being used for social programs, and the management of the waqf has had positive implications in improving the community's economy. This research contributes to the development of studies related to waqf management at the Indonesian Tabung Waqf institution in the waqf fund model and the programs implemented with a more detailed explanation along with their relationship to benefits in the fields of health, education, economics and social development.