The research aims to analyze the novel Rain by Tere Liye using an expressive literary criticism approach. This approach focuses on how the author’s personal experiences, feelings, and ideas contained in the work are reflected in the characters, plot, and language style used in the novel. This research uses qualitative methods with text analysis techniques and literature study to understand the meaning and messages contained in the novel. The result of the analysis show that the novel Rain contains the author’s emotional expression through dialogue, characters and narrative structure, which reflects the author’s inner struggles and life experiences. This research provides deeper insight into how literary works can be a medium for the writer’s personal expression that is able to influence readers emotionally.

This study aims to explore the process of internalizing Islamic Religious Education learning through the book Tarajumah Riayatul Himmah by K.H. Ahmad Rifai for 5th grade students of Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Rifaiyah Limpung Batang. The focus of this study is to identify the methods, media, and results of internalizing the values ??taught in the book in the context of Islamic religious learning in madrasas. This type of research uses Qualitative research, with descriptive field research methods, data collection methods used include interviews, documentation, and observation. The data sources used consist of primary and secondary data that are related to the results of this study. The results of the study indicate that the use of Tarajumah Riayatul Himmah as a teaching material can strengthen students' understanding of Islamic religious values, increase learning motivation, and encourage the practice of Islamic teachings in everyday life. This learning also emphasizes the importance of applying spiritual and moral values ??in the social context of students. It is hoped that this study can contribute to the development of Islamic Religious Education learning methods that focus on yellow books, so that it can improve the quality of education in madrasas

The history of the development of the education system in the Philippines, which reflects the nation's long journey through various cultural influences and colonialism. Starting from the informal education that existed in pre-colonial societies, this article outlines the significant changes that occurred with the arrival of Spanish colonialists in the 16th century, who introduced a formal education system with a focus on Catholic teachings. Furthermore, the transition to a modern education system occurred under American colonial rule in the early 20th century, where English was introduced as the language of instruction and democratic values were promoted. This article also explores the challenges facing the Philippine education system post-independence, including efforts to create inclusive and relevant education. With an in-depth analysis of these various phases of development, this article aims to provide a better understanding of the dynamics of education in the Philippines and its impact on society today.
 
 

This research uses a literature study, a descriptive qualitative research type, a literature review describing the function of digital technology-based learning educational innovation. Research uses written sources such as articles, journals and relevant documents. The literature study focuses on the function or role of educational innovation, educational digital technology, and the use of educational technology. The study results show innovation in the process of renewal and change. Innovation is very necessary in the world of education so that it continues to develop. The use of technology has positive and negative impacts. The impact generated is focused on positive things and minimizes negative impacts if there is good cooperation from various parties so that the use of technology meets its objectives. The function of educational innovation in digital technology-based learning is very important. So that the use of digital technology can be carried out optimally and comprehensively, good innovation needed.

The writing of this thesis is motivated by the many problems that occur to the younger generation that show moral degradation. This thesis aims to find out the concept of moral education values in the book Al-Usfuriyyah by Shaykh Muhammad bin Abu Bakar Al-Ushfuri and its relevance to modern Islamic education. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods with library research data collection techniques and data analysis using content analysis. The results of the study that 1) The values of moral education are an effort to form a noble person through teaching about manners, morals and ethics. 2) The content of the book of Al-Usfuriyyah covers three aspects, namely spiritual aspects (creed), moral aspects (morals), and legal aspects (sharia). 3) The values of moral education in the book of Al-Ushfuriyyah inclaud morals to Allah SWT, morals to oneself, morals to others, morals to nature. 4) The values of moral education in the book of Al-Usfuriyyah are relevant to be implemented to overcome the moral degradation that occurs, because it emphasizes the importance of fostering faith and morals as the basis for good character building.

Law that is just and in line with social values adopted by society. This role is increasingly relevant in facing modern challenges, where understanding and application of the teachings of the Qur'an have an important role in the formation of legal norms in Muslim society. As a holy book, the Qur'an provides moral and ethical guidelines that form the basis for the Islamic legal system. Through its various verses, the Qur'an establishes the principles of justice, goodness, and social responsibility that influence individual behavior and interactions between members of society. The purpose of this study is to explore the values of Islamic law related to the role of the Qur'an in the formation of legal norms. The method used in this study is a qualitative method, by making books, magazines, articles and journals related to the research theme to collect data, then codify it, and then describe it in this article. The results of this study indicate that the application of Islamic law is largely determined by the Qur'an and Sunnah. Laws taken from sources other than the Qur'an and Sunnah will not last long, because the law is made by humans. So that potentially whoever is in power is the one who determines the law. In addition, the Qur'an also provides concrete rules regarding aspects of life, such as marriage, inheritance, and crime, which are then interpreted and applied in the context of sharia law. Thus, the Qur'an not only functions as a spiritual source, but also as a basis for the formation of norms that need to be adjusted to social dynamics and developing legal needs.

This study examines efforts to strengthen Islamic traditions at Ma'had Putri Nurul Hasan MAN 2 Probolinggo as an important part of building the character of religious, disciplined, and noble students. The Islamic traditions implemented include various routine activities such as studying the yellow book, dhikr together, reading the maulid, praying in congregation, and other daily practices. These activities are designed not only to strengthen students' understanding of Islamic teachings but also to create a spiritual environment that supports character formation based on Islamic values. With a qualitative-descriptive approach, this study describes in depth the implementation of Islamic traditions, the challenges faced, and their impact on the formation of students' characters. The results of the study show that strengthening Islamic traditions at Ma'had Putri Nurul Hasan not only succeeded in forming the religious character of students but also had a positive influence on their social and emotional lives. Traditions such as studying the yellow book using the bandongan and sorogan methods, as well as the integration of Islamic-based activities in the education curriculum, have been proven to be able to improve the discipline, responsibility, and social awareness of students. On the other hand, this study also found significant challenges in the implementation of Islamic traditions, including the influence of modernization and globalization that bring popular cultural values ??that are less in line with Islamic teachings, limited infrastructure, and lack of family involvement in supporting Islamic education. This study concluded that despite facing various challenges, Islamic traditions at Ma'had Putri Nurul Hasan can remain relevant by adopting an innovative and collaborative approach. The use of digital technology, increasing teacher capacity, and strengthening synergy with families and the community are strategic steps that can support the sustainability of this program. This study not only contributes to the development of Islamic education in Indonesia but also becomes a model for other Islamic educational institutions in maintaining Islamic traditions as the identity and strength of the people in the modern

The UMKM digitalization is carried out by utilizing digital technology to expand the marketing of UMKM products through digital marketing. The method used is the observation method by going directly to the UMKM location. The selected UMKMs in this service are UMKM Dua Putra and UMKM Tempe and Soy Milk. After conducting a survey and finding the problems faced by these UMKMs, this service carried out the development of UMKMs by making UMKM product brands and logos, making Google Maps, and making QRIS. The results and benefits obtained from this activity are first, branding UMKM products by giving the name “Tempe Ndeso” and making a logo so that it can increase consumer attractiveness and increase sales. Second, location placement on Google Maps for UMKMs so as to facilitate buyer access and increase visibility. Third, the implementation of the QRIS payment system at the Dua Putra UMKMs for an integrated digital payment system to facilitate transactions and increase payment efficiency.

Because we are social creatures, laws establish norms about how members of society should interact with each other. The Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia establishes a legal framework to regulate all human interests, including human rights. An agreement is an important document that regulates the responsibilities and privileges of individuals involved in a contractual relationship. An agreement is defined as a legally binding act that binds the promising parties in Article 1313 of the Indonesian Civil Code. However, agreements are not always enforced, and defaults occur all the time; for example, PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk is fighting debtors who have not paid their bills. The causes of default, its impact on the parties, and the procedures required by law to resolve disputes are all discussed in this abstract. It is believed that a thorough understanding of default will help prevent similar incidents in the future and find fair and efficient solutions.

Research on Artificial Intelligence (AI) in finance has been growing significantly alongside its increasing implementation in the financial sector. This development raises questions about the specific financial areas and AI technology applications that are most frequently explored as research topics within AI in finance. This study aims to address these questions by employing a systematic literature review (SLR) method, analyzing journal articles indexed in Scopus (Q1–Q4) and published between 2020 and 2024. A search conducted using Publish or Perish on the Scopus database identified 496 records, which were subsequently filtered to 94 articles using the PRISMA protocol. The selected articles were examined through bibliometric analysis using VOSviewer, followed by content analysis. The findings reveal that fintech and risk management are the most frequently discussed financial areas in AI in finance research. Moreover, machine learning emerges as the most commonly addressed AI technology application in this domain. Notably, the combination of machine learning and risk management stands out as the most prominent research topic.