The claim formulation made by the plaintiff is used as a reference for a case or dispute in a court. A lawsuit that does not comply with the requirements of the procedural law will be declared that the lawsuit cannot be accepted or in other terms niet ontvankelijke verklaard (NO) in the final decision by the judge. There are various reasons for the dropping of the niet ontvankelijke verklaard, one of which is because the lawsuit that was made was not perfect, in the sense that the lawsuit was vague (obscuur libel). Obscuur libel means a claim whose contents are unclear so that it is said to be neither clear nor dark in the formulation of the claim. This research uses a normative juridical method using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. This research contains an analysis of a decision which states that the lawsuit contains elements of obcur libel so it is declared unacceptable. Judges need to dig deeper into jurisprudence to analyze a lawsuit so that it produces the right decision.AbstrakFormulasi gugatan yang dibuat oleh penggugat digunakan sebagai acuan dari suatu perkara atau sengketa disebuah pengadilan. Gugatan yang tidak sesuai syarat dalam hukum acara akan dinyatakan bahwa gugatan tersebut tidak dapat diterima atau istilah lainnya niet ontvankelijke verklaard (NO) pada putusan akhir oleh hakim. Alasan dari penjatuhan niet ontvankelijke verklaard sendiri terdapat berbagai penyebab salah satunya dikarenakan gugatan yang dibuat tidak sempurna, dalam artian gugatan tersebut kabur (obscuur libel). Obscuur libel memiliki arti gugatan yang isinya tidak jelas sehingga dikatakan tidak terang atau gelap dalam formulasi gugatannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode yuridis normatif dengan menggunakan penekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konseptual. Penelitian ini berisi analisis suatu putusan yang menyatakan bahwa gugatan mengandung unsur obcuur libel sehingga dinyatakan tidak dapat diterima. Hakim perlu menggali lebih dalam mengenai suatu yurisprudensi untuk menggali dapat menganalisis suatu gugatan sehingga menghasilkan putusan yang tepat.

This study aims to analyze the role of the State Administrative Court Procedure Law (PTUN) in protecting citizens' rights against decisions of state administrative officials that are considered detrimental. In the context of a state of law, PTUN functions as a control mechanism against actions of administrative officials that are not in accordance with the law. The research method used is a qualitative approach, with data collection through literature studies, and analysis of PTUN decision documents. The results of the study indicate that PTUN plays an important role in upholding the principles of a state of law and providing legal protection for citizens. However, there are still challenges in its implementation, such as the slow trial process, lack of public understanding of PTUN procedures, and limited access to legal aid. To overcome these challenges, an increase in the number of judges, broader legal education for the public, and better access to legal aid services are needed. In conclusion, PTUN procedural law plays a vital role in ensuring that decisions of state administrative officials can be tested and legally accounted for, thus providing effective protection for citizens.

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menginterpretasi mubadalah dapat menjadi alternatif solusi bagi hakim sebagai upaya menghadirkan putusan dalam sengketa hukum keluarga Islam yang adil jender. Interpretasi mubadalah merupakan interaksi antara teks dan realitas, yang diharapkan mampu memberikan makna konstruktif terhadap realitas kehidupan dan mengangkat prinsip-prinsip relasi antara laki-laki dan perempuan. Temuan konsep pada artikel ini adalah bahwa ada tiga langkah yang bisa dilakukan hakim dalam melakukan interpretasi mubadalah, yakni menemukan nilai prinsipal, kemudian mencari gagasan utama atau ideal moral, dan terakhir menurunkan ideal moral tersebut kepada jenis kalamin yang tidak disebutkan dalam teks.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the concept of CBT in the development of local tourism in the southern Rayon area of ??Pacitan related to the natural environment and socio-cultural economy as a strategy to develop a sustainable tourism framework. This study emphasizes a descriptive qualitative research approach that provides an overview of how the involvement of village communities in tourism development in the southern coastal area. The data collection methods used in this study are observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Observations were carried out in several related tourism areas such as tourist areas in the Kalak Village, Sendang Village, Widoro Village, and Sawahan Village areas. Research informants in this study involved several related parties such as business actors in the area around the tourist area, members of the Pokdarwis group, local village officials, and several residents in the related tourist area. The results of this study indicate that community involvement in the context of CBT can be seen in two main thing, namely the environment aspect and the socio-cultural economy aspect. In terms of the environment, CBT is seen in the strengthening of tourism infrastructure such as stalls, souvenir shops, car and motorbike parking, toilets, homestays, road access, fishing area and others. Meanwhile, in the socio-cultural economic aspect, CBT appears in the role of local community institutions such as BUMDes and Pokdarwis which act as a bridge to mediate the role of the community to be involved in the tourism development process in rural areas.

The Pesanggrahan Dalem Paku Buwono IX (PB IX) is situated in Langenharjo Village, Sukoharjo Regency, Indonesia. The site was founded in 1870 by PB IX (1830-1893), but it is currently facing environmental degradation, despite its past pristine water and natural hot springs. However, with the new management takeover by GPH Wicaksono, a descendant of the Surakarta Royal Family, there is hope for the conservation of this heritage site. This research explores servant leadership practices within the cultural context of GPH Wicaksono as the manager of heritage site in Langenharjo village. Drawing on Greenleaf's servant leadership principles, it examines how Javanese culture, and the wisdom of the manager can foster collective engagement in environmental preservation. The study aimed to provide valuable insights into leadership's role in promoting sustainability for the heritage site and the local community. The identification of servant leadership implementation in the heritage site was using a qualitative approach. Data collection involves on-site observations and in-depth interviews with relevant stakeholders, including community leaders, members of the community, and cultural enthusiasts. The data is analyzed using phenomenology analysis to identify specific servant leadership behaviors of site manager and their role in fostering environmental preservation and sustainability within the community. The study's findings showed that the manager is dedicated to preserving the heritage site by promoting strong ties with Javanese culture and tradition. He encourages an eco-friendly mindset and collective participation to sustainably protect the environment. He also values effective communication and respects his colleagues, which in turn fosters trust and empowerment among the team. By following principles of Javanese culture, he leads and empowers communities toward environmental sustainability. This study contributes to the importance of incorporating cultural values in leadership practices to foster collective engagement and green awareness for long-term environmental preservation. It serves as an initial study for further research using quantitative analysis to deepen our understanding of servant leadership’s effectiveness in diverse cultural contexts.

Drug abuse is still often found in the surrounding environment, especially among teenagers who are still at school. In Indonesia, drug abuse or illegal drugs is a use that is not for health but for recreation. Most drug users are among teenagers who are still at school, especially among high school students who can be said to be the time when teenagers are searching for their identity. The effect that drugs have on users will cause discomfort and can be psychologically disturbing for users. The aim of this research is to determine family social support for drug abuse. This research uses a case study method with a qualitative approach. The technique for determining informants uses a purposive technique with five key informants and five supporting informants. The research results show that the causes of drug abuse are caused by the environment, high curiosity and other external factors that encourage informants to abuse drugs. The impacts experienced by drug abuse are divided into two categories, namely physical impacts such as withdrawal, while psychological impacts such as slow work, carelessness and difficulty concentrating. Family social support has four supports, namely: informational, assessment, instrumental and emotional.

Digital transformation is a shift from traditional (manual) working methods to more modern and efficient ways of utilizing technology. This study aims to describe the digital transformation process in population administration services and the supporting and inhibiting factors in Banyuwangi Regency. The research method uses a qualitative approach. There are three data collection types: observation, interviews, and documentation. While the data analysis used is interactive. The results of the study show that the implementation of digital transformation in population administration services in Banyuwangi Regency has had a positive impact, especially in accelerating and facilitating access to services. Despite facing challenges such as limited technology, digital literacy, and human resource readiness, the government has taken strategic steps to overcome them. Continued infrastructure support and education programs are the key to success.
 
 

 Information on measuring risks prevalent among healthcare workers in Ghana andglobally is limited. With anecdotal evidence suggesting a high level of occupational injuries among health workers working in a Ghanaian University Hospital, this studywas conducted to identify the common hazards faced by the health workers and use thedecision matrix risk assessment technique to determine the risks associated with somehazards identified. The study also determined these workers’ knowledge, attitude, awareness, and practices toward occupational health and safety. A triangulation of methods was used. The study used a survey, a review of incident registers, and an expertevaluation. There were a total of 133 participants made up of various health professional groups, with nurses and midwives being the majority (31.6%). Knowledge, attitude, awareness, and practices towards occupational health and safety were high.Knowledge scores were significantly associated with age groups (X2-18.996, p-0.001)and cadre of staff (X2-14.690, p-0.005). Attitude was significantly associated withage groups (X2-10.467, p-0.033), years of working (X2-11.112, p-0.011), and cadreof staff (X2-15.467, p-0.004). Awareness was significantly associated with years ofworking (X2-8.57, p-0.035). There was a high prevalence of self-reported needle stickinjuries. A review of incident registers revealed a high underreporting rate of occupational injuries. Staff were found to be at high risk of musculoskeletal injuries and stress. 

 Persons of Concern (PoC) are people displaced because of natural disasters or conflictsand violence, and they include refugees, asylum seekers, internally displaced persons(IDPs), and returnees. Nigeria is one of the major destinations of PoC in Africa. PoCshould have the same rights in any sector, including health access in their destination.However, during the COVID-19 pandemic, about 19% of households faced a lack ofaccess to health facilities in Nigeria. This study examined the factors related to the lackof access to health facilities among PoCs in Nigeria during the COVID-19 pandemicin 2020. Methods: Secondary data from the UNHCR survey, which was conducted inJuly 2020 among 3,222 households categorized as PoC, was used. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were used to assess the factors with the aid of STATA 17software. Results: Factors such as state of residence, population status, marital status,and gender of household heads were found to have a significant correlation with thelack of access to health facilities in Nigeria. Conclusion: The UNHCR, the Nigeriangovernment, and other stakeholders must work together to ensure all PoCs can accesshealth facilities easily, especially during outbreaks of pandemics and other disasters. 

Carrying out this study aims to determine the value of physical fitness related to skills in students at SDN Gugus 1-4, Kedungkandang District, Malang City, because there is no data related to physical fitness and sports teachers have never measured students' physical fitness levels. This research method uses quantitative descriptive methods with survey techniques. The subjects taken in this research were 95 students using the Proportionate Stratified Random Sampling technique. The Indonesian Student Fitness Test (TKSI) is the instrument used in this research. Descriptive statistics in this study were used to analyze the data. The results of the study concluded that 53.47% of students from Gugus 1-4 State Elementary School, Kedungkandang District, Malang City were dominant in the poor category, with details of 6.74% or 8 students in the good category, 31.58% or 50 students in the medium category, 14.70% or 35 students in the poor category. , 0% or 2 students are classified as very poor.