Indonesia, sebagai negara megabiodiversitas, memiliki kekayaan fungi yang luar biasa namun belum sepenuhnya teridentifikasi dan tedokumentasi dengan baik. Curug Cikotak menjadi lokasi yang menarik untuk penelitian identifikasi makrofungi. Kondisi kawasan sekitar air terjun yang lembab dan kaya akan bahan organik, menyediakan habitat yang ideal bagi berbagai jenis fungi yang mungkin belum pernah didokumentasikan sebelumnya. Kondisi mikroklimat yang unik di sekitar air terjun, seperti kelembaban tinggi, suhu yang relatif stabil, dan ketersediaan substrat yang beragam, menciptakan niche ekologis yang dapat mendukung keberadaan spesies fungi yang khas dan mungkin endemik. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengeksplorasi dan mengidentifikasi makrofungi di Curug Cikotak. Pemilihan lokasi ini didasarkan pada keberlimpahan makrofungi di Kawasan Air Terjun Curug Cikotak. Kondisi lingkungan yang lembab dan kaya nutrisi di sekitar kawasan Air Terjun menciptakan lingkungan yang ideal bagi pertumbuhan jamur. Data lapangan dianalisis secara deskriptif mencakup ciri morfologi fungi dan substratnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan pengukuran parameter lingkungan seperti suhu, intensitas cahaya, dan kelembaban. Hasil dari penelitian ini telah Ditemukan total 8 spesies yang termasuk dalam 5 famili berbeda. Dari 8 spesies tersebut, 6 spesies telah teridentifikasi hingga tingkat spesies, sementara 2 spesies (Polyporus sp. dan Laetiporus sp.) hanya teridentifikasi hingga tingkat genus. Dari hasil eksplorasi juga ditemukan jamur makroskopis yang bersifat racun yaitu spesies Amanita bisporigera. Habitat dari beberapa jamur yang telah ditemukan tersebut didominasi pada tanah, pohon dan kayu-kayu yang sudah lapuk. Penyebaran jamur Basidiomycetes dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor lingkungan, termasuk ketinggian tempat, curah hujan, suhu, dan kelembaban.

This research aims to increase UMKM opportunities in Mojopilang Village. In this increasingly modern and sophisticated era, technology, especially social media, is growing rapidly and making things easier for its users. This is very profitable for looking for business opportunities, one of which is affiliate. This research uses an outreach method which includes training on how to create an affiliate account, mentoring to ensure that the training carried out can be applied, correct make-up procedures to maximize affiliate content, as well as evaluation in the form of questions and answers. This activity was carried out on December 13 2024, involving village communities, especially women and Mayjen Sungkono University students. Initial observation results show that several people in Mojopilang Village have the mindset that if they want to open a business, they must spend capital and have very little knowledge about affiliates. Through this outreach about affiliate make up, it is hoped that the village community, especially women, will understand and be interested in doing affiliate work, especially in the field of make up. The results of this evaluation can be seen from the enthusiasm of the socialization participants who were excited about the material presented and some of them even wanted to try becoming affiliates.

Porter’s Five Forces, which include Supplier Bargaining Power, Threat of New Entrants, Intensity of Competitive Rivalry, and Buyer Bargaining Power, are crucial factors that companies must consider, as they can have a significant and negative impact on business operations. This approach enables companies to understand and map their strategic position within the industry. By analyzing these forces, MSMEs can identify external factors that either hinder or support their competitiveness. This study employs a quantitative descriptive research method using a survey in the form of a questionnaire. The population in this research consists of 183 individuals, including business owners and employees working at Banana Chips MSMEs in Bandar Lampung. The findings, which examine the influence of Porter’s Five Forces strategy on competitive advantage, indicate that implementing this strategy significantly enhances the competitiveness of Banana Chips MSMEs in Bandar Lampung. Porter’s Five Forces strategy, encompassing industry competition analysis, the threat of new entrants, supplier bargaining power, buyer bargaining power, and the threat of substitute products or services, serves as an essential tool for understanding a company’s position in a competitive market. By applying this strategy, Banana Chips MSMEs in Bandar Lampung can identify market opportunities and challenges, enabling them to develop effective strategic measures to maintain their competitive advantage over rivals. Therefore, Porter’s Five Forces strategy has proven to be highly relevant in fostering competitive advantage within the MSME sector.

Childbirth causes pain due to shortening of the uterine muscles. Normal childbirth occurs because of pain, which is an important part of labor. During labor, pain can influence uterine contractions through the secretion of catecholamines and cortisol. It improves the function of the sympathetic nervous system, changing blood pressure, heart rate, breathing, and length of labor. The aim of this research is to find out how warm compresses impact how severe the pain of labor during the first active phase is. This research design is pre-experimental with a one group pre test and post test design. The population in this study were all mothers giving birth at BPM Nursehan Dahliana Birayang (Hulu Sungai Tengah Regency, South Kalimantan Province), using an accidental sampling technique and a sample size of 30 respondents was obtained. A warm compress is placed on the lower abdomen using a hot bladder. Data analysis used the Paired T - test. Based on the research results obtained, the average pain score before treatment was 8.13 and the average pain score after treatment was 4.66. The results of statistical analysis of tests of differences in pain intensity before and after treatment showed significant differences (p=0.000; 95% CI -3.900-(-3.031). The conclusion of this study is: warm compresses can reduce the intensity of labor pain in the active phase of the first stage. Warm compresses can be used as a way to reduce the intensity of labor pain.

This study explores the use of locutionary speech acts in the podcast “Self-Development” by Andreass Bodres which is currently popular on the spotify application. Podcasts as digital audio media have become a forum for various discussions, including the topic of self-development. The methodological approach and theoretical approach are applied as an approach to the analysis of this research. Methodological approach uses a qualitative descriptive method, and the theoretical approach in analyzing speech acts uses analytical methods in the field of pragmatics. Locutionary speech acts, which are related to the literal meaning of an utterance, are considered crucial in conveying messages effectively in the context of podcasts. This study aims to identify the dominant types of locutionary speech acts in the podcast, and to analyze how these speech acts contribute to building the narrative and inspiring listeners. By analyzing the podcast transcripts, this research is expected to provide a deeper understanding of the communication mechanisms in self-development podcasts. The analysis results contained in the 6 “Self Development” podcasts on Andreas Bodres' spotify channel include 13 declarative or news speech acts, 6 questioning speech acts, and 15 reminding speech acts. To produce 34 data in the form of locutionary speech acts. This research is expected to contribute to the knowledge and insight of researchers about the analysis of speech acts carried out on the “Self Development” podcast on Andreas Bodres' spotify channel. This research is expected to contribute to the field of linguistics, especially pragmatics, and provide insight for podcast creators, listeners, and other researchers. In addition, this study also reveals how the context and purpose of communication affect the choice of speech acts used, as well as their impact on audience understanding and engagement.

This research was conducted at the printing company CV. Ekribafam Multi Karya, Serang City, Banten. This study aims to find out how important the implementation of operational management is in a business in order to see how effective the products produced by the printing company CV. Ekribafam Multi Karya are. This research was conducted using a qualitative approach. Where qualitative research is data in the form of words or statements. This study aims to analyze the influence of operational management on the printing company CV. Eribafam Multi Karya. Data collection in this study was carried out by means of interviews, observations, and literature reviews. So that it produces conclusions.

Risk management is very important for MSMEs because risk management is useful for gathering information about possible risks that will occur, as well as for developing strategies that need to be implemented at Anukula Resto MSMEs, where Anukula Resto itself is an MSME that is engaged in selling food and drinks such as ice the 2000s and kebabs. mirasa burger. This research aims to determine the implementation of risk management and describe or illustrate the activities of the MSMEs Anukula Resto Serang. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach using risk analysis in management. The results of the analysis show that the implementation of risk management at Anukula Resto MSMEs has been implemented well for financial risks, marketing risks, while for HRM risks it is still not good. It is proven that there are still errors in the calculations carried out by HR at the Anukula Resto UMKM. Therefore, it is important for Anukula Resto MSMEs to improve and implement risk management well in order to minimize risks that occur in the future.

The Madurese language, which is used by the Madurese ethnic community both on Madura Island and outside the island, has significant dialect diversity. The mobility of the Madurese people and interaction with the Javanese language on the island of Java resulted in a mixture of dialects, which influenced the formation of new vocabulary through morphophonemic processes. This research aims to analyze the affixation process in Madurese, especially the use of the prefixes {-e} and {-pa} in the Sekar Assre’ 4 textbook. In this research, the prefixes {-e} and {-pa} are analyzed based on form, function , and its meaning in the formation of verbs, adjectives and nouns. The research uses a qualitative descriptive approach with listening and listening methods, as well as data analysis techniques such as drop and replace. The research results show that the prefix {-e} and its allomorphs (e-, epa-, eka-) function to form passive verbs and adjectives, while the prefix {pa-} functions to form nouns, especially those related to certain professions or activities . It is hoped that this research can contribute to understanding the morphological structure of the Madurese language, especially related to the role of the prefixes {-e} and {-pa} in everyday communication and in learning Madurese in schools.

LGBT identity has become a focus of debate that triggers controversy related to the conflict between ther ole of tradition and modernity in defending human rights, as well as sexuality. This research discusses the controversy generated by LGBT identity in society with the main focus on highlighting the different perspectives on LGBT identity and sexual orientation. Using various sources of articles and journals that have been analyzed for this research, the result show that controversies caused by LGBT groups are often due to the clash between traditional perspectives and modern views on identity and freedom of individual rights. This explains how diverse perspectives on objective content shape cultural discourse and influence wise behavior on matters related to human rights and social justice.
 
 

This paper discusses the challenges and ethical solutions in the practice of da'wah through digital media. In the rapidly developing digital era, platforms such as social media, blogs, and video sites provide unprecedented opportunities for Islamic da'wah to reach a global audience. However, the ease of dissemination of information also poses significant challenges, such as the spread of inaccurate information, negative or provocative content, and violations of regulations. This paper discusses these challenges and suggests solutions, including education and training for da'wah (preachers), the use of trusted platforms, collaboration with communication experts, and the development of digital da'wah ethics guidelines. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach that aims to understand and describe the phenomenon of da'wah ethics in digital media in depth. Literature study is used as a data collection technique to explore the principles of da'wah ethics, the challenges faced by da'is in digital media, and the solutions proposed by communication and religious experts. This methodology allows researchers to gain a rich and holistic understanding of the challenges of digital da'wah ethics and their relevance in the context of modern communication. This study analyzes the impact of digital media on da'wah practices, with an emphasis on ethical considerations in content creation and interaction. It is concluded that da'wah in the digital era requires a careful and ethical approach to maintain the integrity and credibility of Islamic teachings while understanding the complexity of digital communication.