This paper proposes a cosine comparator-based firing angle control strategy for three-phase full-wave thyristor rectifiers. Gate pulses are generated by comparing phase-synchronized cosine reference signals with a tunable threshold voltage, allowing precise control over conduction intervals. The method’s effectiveness is evaluated across firing angles ranging from 30° to 120° under RLC load conditions. Quantitative results demonstrate accurate gate synchronization and substantial reduction in Total Harmonic Distortion (THD)—by over 50% relative to conventional ramp-based techniques. The findings confirm the proposed control scheme's potential for high-performance, low-distortion AC-DC conversion, making it suitable for industrial and educational power electronics applications.
 
Keywords - Three-phase controlled rectifier, cosine comparator, firing angle, Simulink modeling, thyristor gate control, FFT analysis.

Jaringan Saraf Tiruan (NN) merupakan sebuah paradigma dalam pemrosesan informasi yang dimodelkan berdasarkan sistem neuron, menyerupai cara otak manusia memproses informasi. Penelitian ini membahas penerapan jaringan saraf dengan algoritma pembelajaran backpropagation yang diimplementasikan dalam simulasi sebagai pengendali suatu sistem. Pressure Process Rig 38-714 digunakan sebagai model plant dalam penelitian ini. Pengendali berbasis Jaringan Saraf Tiruan ini beroperasi dengan menghitung kesalahan antara keluaran aktual sistem dan masukan referensi yang telah ditentukan, dimana sinyal hasil selisih antara keluaran plant dan sinyal referensi menjadi masukan utama bagi sistem kendali. Penelitian ini memperkenalkan pendekatan pengendalian berbasis eror dengan pelatihan dua tahap, yakni konfigurasi seri-paralel dan paralel, serta disertai metode faktor pengali untuk menjaga kestabilan sinyal kendali dalam batas kerja plant. Berbagai eksperimen dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi kinerja sistem, termasuk pengujian dengan dan tanpa gangguan, serta pembandingan terhadap metode Direct Inverse Control Neural Network (DIC NN). Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa pendekatan ini memberikan solusi adaptif dan tahan terhadap eror, dengan performa dan ketahanan yang lebih baik dalam kondisi terpengaruh gangguan dibandingkan metode DIC NN. Keberhasilan sistem diukur dari kesesuaian antara keluaran plant dengan sinyal referensi dan kemampuan sistem kendali dalam meredam gangguan secara efektif.
 
Kata kunci: Pengendali, Neural Network, Backpropagation.

There are two factors in the solar panel system that affect battery life, namely the battery discharge factor and the environmental factor temperature which the battery is placed in. The battery is damaged quickly if it is empty for a long time. The application of solar cells is widely used in street lighting and office buildings. However, in several research, it was observed there were deficiencies, namely both current and voltage measurements were still carried out manually using a multimeter so that the data taken had not been recorded continuously. The purpose of this research is to design the Solar Panel System Battery Telemetry to be a solution and to solve the problem of knowing the battery condition is monitored regularly. This system uses ESP32 as an IoT-based microcontroller that is connected to the internet. The website is used to display data from the output of a solar panel battery. Based on the results of the analysis and testing that has been carried out, the design system can run according to the initial concept and can record the current, voltage, and temperature in real-time resulting from the performance of the solar panel system. The results of measurements on 10 wp solar panel with an average power of 7.32 watts with a maximum current of 0.6 A and presentation of a solar panel efficiency of 0.82%. The use of solar panel system batteries with a power requirement of 9 Watt 12V (lamp load) does not experience losses during the charging process.
 
Keywords - Battery, Solar Panel, Internet of Things, Real Time, Website

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) have an important contribution in supporting the national economy, especially in terms of job creation and strengthening the local economy. However, most MSMEs still face challenges in compiling financial statements that are in accordance with applicable accounting standards. This study aims to analyze the extent to which the implementation of Financial Accounting Standards for Micro, Small, and Medium Entities (SAK-EMKM) has been implemented by MSME actors, as well as identify the obstacles faced in the process. The research approach used is qualitative descriptive, with data collection techniques through interviews, direct observation, and document review. The findings of the study show that the level of understanding of MSME actors towards SAK-EMKM is still low, and the implementation of these standards is not evenly distributed. The main causative factors include limited accounting knowledge, lack of professional assistance, and lack of access to technical training. In addition, most MSMEs still rely on manual recording without referring to correct accounting principles, making it difficult in the audit process or applying for loans to financial institutions. Another obstacle is the lack of digital literacy in financial management, as well as the assumption that the preparation of financial statements is not a top priority. In fact, well-structured financial statements can be an important tool in business decision-making and open access to funding. This study recommends the importance of collaboration between the government, academics, and financial institutions to provide training, mentoring, and a simple reporting system that is in accordance with the characteristics of MSMEs. This effort is expected to increase the awareness and ability of MSMEs to manage finances in an accountable and transparent manner, as well as support business growth and sustainability in the long term.

Pengabdian masyarakat ini bertujuan meningkatkan pengalaman belajar dan bermain anak usia dini kisaran 5-6 tahun di KB/TK Darussalam P4A Semarang yang memiliki keterbatasan ruang. Melalui metode Pendidikan Masyarakat, kami merancang dan mengimplementasikan permainan edukatif "Plastic Rush" dan "Motoric Wall". Uji coba langsung menunjukkan respon positif dari anak-anak dan guru, menegaskan efektivitas permainan sebagai strategi pembelajaran. Kegiatan ini berhasil memberikan pelatihan dan penyuluhan praktis yang meningkatkan kualitas interaksi bermain dan belajar.

Currently, the number of Children with Special Needs (ABK) continues to increase every year, making the role of teachers increasingly vital in providing inclusive education services in schools. This increase in the number of ABK requires teachers to have adequate competencies to provide education tailored to the needs of each child. In this context, inclusive education is crucial, as it provides opportunities for all children, including those with special needs, to learn together in the same environment. This study aims to analyze the role of teachers in the context of inclusive education in Early Childhood Education (PAUD). The method used in this study is qualitative with a narrative approach, conducted in several PAUD institutions in Malang. The results show that teachers have a very important role in inclusive education in PAUD. The role of teachers in question covers several aspects, including the ability to recognize Children with Special Needs (ABK), conduct initial assessments of student needs, and understand how to implement appropriate learning for ABK. In addition, teachers are also expected to be able to use assistive devices to provide simple stimulation to ABK and know how to involve parents in handling ABK. The importance of the teacher's role in inclusive education lies not only in academic abilities, but also in social and emotional skills in creating a supportive learning environment. This research provides valuable insights for the development of training programs for teachers to improve their skills in inclusive education, which is expected to have a positive impact on the quality of education in early childhood education (PAUD). With appropriate training, teachers can be better prepared to face the challenges of teaching children with special needs and ensure that every child receives a quality education tailored to their needs. This research is expected to encourage educational institutions to pay more attention to training and professional development for teachers, so they can contribute optimally to creating inclusive and quality education.

The purpose of this study is to see how the role of influencers and social media marketing has an impact on the interest of Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi management students in buying Crocs sandals. This research falls into the associative quantitative category. This research involved 5,695 management students of Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi Medan batch 2023 and 2024 who are familiar with Crocs sandals. This study used purposive sampling technique and Slovin's formula to select 99 respondents aged 18-25 years from the Management Study Program of Universitas Pembangunan Panca Budi. Primary data and secondary data were collected through literature studies and questionnaires with a Likert scale. Validity and reliability tests were conducted on all statement items; influencer role variables (X1), social media marketing (X2), and purchase intention variables (Y) were declared valid and reliable; multiple linear regression, partial test (T), simultaneous test (F), and coefficient of determination (R2). The classic assumption test of data is used in this study. Based on Multiple Linear Regression Analysis of influencer role variables (X1) and social media marketing (X2), there is a positive correlation to purchase intention (Y). Based on the partial test results (T test), the role of influencers (X1) has a positive and significant effect on purchase intention (Y), with a t value of 3.184 and a significance of 0.002 (smaller than 0.05). Social media marketing (X2) also has a positive and significant effect on purchase intention (Y), with a t value of 3.113 and a significance of 0.002 (smaller than 0.05). Based on the results of the simultaneous test (F test), the influencer role variable (X1) and social media marketing (X2) together have a significant influence on purchase intention (Y), with a calculated f value of 5.717 and a significance of 0.005 (smaller than 0.05). 62.0% of the variation in purchase intention (Y) is caused by the influencer role variable (X1) and social media marketing (X2). Other factors not discussed in this study affect 38.0% of the variation in purchase intention (Y).

This study aims to analyze the effect of work life balance on job satisfaction, mediated by employee engagement among Generation Z employees at PT Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) Daop 1 Jakarta. The research background is based on the increasing number of Gen Z employees who have unique characteristics, such as a preference for work-life balance and meaningful engagement at work. The research method used is quantitative with a survey approach, in which data were collected through questionnaires distributed to Gen Z employees at PT KAI Daop 1 Jakarta. Data analysis was performed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results show that work life balance has a positive and significant effect on employee engagement and job satisfaction. Furthermore, employee engagement is proven to mediate the effect of work life balance on job satisfaction. The implications of this research highlight the importance for companies to pay attention to work-life balance and enhance employee engagement in order to improve job satisfaction, especially for Generation Z employees. These findings are expected to serve as a reference for companies in designing adaptive human resource management strategies that suit the characteristics of the younger generation in the workforce.

This study examines the role of homeless people in the Indonesian Independence Revolution in Semarang City in the period 1945–1950. The main focus of the study includes the socio-economic background of the emergence of homeless people, their contribution in the physical struggle against the Japanese and Dutch troops, and their involvement in struggle organizations such as Laskar Kere and Laskar Jembel. Using historical research methods—including heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography—this study highlights how homeless people, despite being socially marginalized, actively participated as fighters and spies in the struggle for independence. The study also reveals the passive side of some homeless people who remained mired in poverty and were not involved in the revolution. The findings show that homeless people have a complex role, both as active actors in the revolution and as symbols of the social impact of war and colonialism. This study enriches the understanding of urban social dynamics in the history of the nation's struggle.

This study aims to analyze the influence of financial literacy and investment motivation on investment interest in the capital market among the millennial generation with income as a moderating variable. This study uses an associative research method with a quantitative approach. The population in this study is the millennial generation who have an interest in investing in the capital market, with a total of 150 respondents determined through a purposive sampling technique. Primary data was obtained through distributing questionnaires using a Likert scale, and data analysis was carried out with the help of SmartPLS 4.0 software. The results of the study indicate that financial literacy and investment motivation have a positive and significant effect on investment interest in the capital market. However, the results of the moderation test show that income only acts as a significant moderating variable in strengthening the relationship between financial literacy and investment interest. Meanwhile, income does not significantly moderate the relationship between investment motivation and investment interest. These findings provide important implications for policy makers and financial institutions to improve financial literacy through comprehensive education programs and consider the income aspect in encouraging investment interest.